There is a version of the housing market story that gets told over and over, and it goes like this: prices are high, rates are high, nothing is affordable, and the only people buying are the ones with cash. That version is not wrong, exactly. It is just incomplete.
The arithmetic here is brutal and worth understanding clearly. A buyer who financed a $400,000 home at three percent in 2021 pays roughly $1,686 per month on principal and interest. That same loan at a seven percent rate costs $2,661. Those numbers explain why the market froze rather than crashed when rates moved higher. Volume collapsed. Prices mostly did not.
Affordability, by the standard measure of what share of median household income goes toward the monthly payment on a median-priced home, is near its worst level since the early 1980s. That is a real problem, and it is not going away quickly. A market can stay unaffordable for longer than most buyers expect to wait. What it means, practically, is that the buyer who can close confidently has more leverage than the headline numbers suggest.
Your credit score affects your rate more directly than most buyers realize. The difference between a 680 score and a 760 score can mean a half-point or more in rate. If your score has room to improve, talk to your loan officer about specific steps to raise it before you apply formally.
The appraisal is the lender’s check, not yours. If the home appraises below the contract price, the lender will only finance against the appraised value. Ask your agent whether recent comparable sales support the price you are offering.
Budget enough to cover origination fees, title, escrow, prepaid taxes, and insurance without being caught short at the table. First-time buyers are sometimes surprised by how much cash is required beyond the down payment itself. Ask your lender for a Loan Estimate as early in the process as possible.
Real estate is illiquid. Transaction costs, agent commissions, and closing fees mean you typically need three to five years just to break even on a purchase. None of that means do not buy. It means be honest about your time horizon before you commit.
Real estate rewards preparation more than it rewards timing. Waiting for a better market is a reasonable position only if your personal situation supports it, otherwise you are just paying rent while prices hold. A look at real estate listings and pricing data in your target area costs nothing and tells you a great deal.
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